Which term describes the area of contact between the TMJ disc and the articulating surfaces?

The term that describes the area of contact between the TMJ disc and the articulating surfaces is the articular surface. This area is critical in the function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), as it represents the physical regions of the joint where the surfaces meet and interact during movement. The articular surfaces are typically covered with cartilage, which helps to reduce friction and facilitate smooth movement within the joint. In the context of TMJ, understanding the articular surface is essential for diagnosing and treating disorders that may affect the joint's function.

The other terms refer to different components of the TMJ structure. The joint capsule surrounds the joint and provides stability, while the joint space is the area within the joint that is filled with synovial fluid, allowing for lubrication. The retrodiscal zone is a specific region behind the disc that contains various tissues but does not encompass the areas of contact between the disc and the joint surfaces. Only the articular surface directly pertains to the contact area critical for the joint’s operation.